3.15 INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS (REACTIVE HAZARDS)
Substances
in the left hand column should be stored and handled so that they
cannot accidentally contact corresponding substances in the right
hand column under uncontrolled conditions.
|
Acetic Acid |
Chromic acid, nitric acid, peroxides, permanganates |
|
Acetic Anhydride |
Hydroxyl-containing compounds such as ethylene glycol, perchloric acid |
|
Acetone |
Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixtures, hydrogen peroxide |
|
Acetylene |
Chlorine, bromine, copper, silver, fluorine, mercury |
|
Alkali and alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium,lithium, magnesium, calcium, powdered aluminum |
Carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, other polychlorinated hydrocarbons (prohibit the use of water,foam and dry chemical extinguishers on fires involving these metals - dry sand should be utilized) |
|
Ammonium (anhydrous) |
Mercury, chlorine, calcium hypochlorite, iodine,bromine, hydrogen fluoride |
|
Ammonium nitrate |
Acids, metal powders, flammable liquids, chlorates,nitrates, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustibles |
|
Aniline |
Nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide |
|
Arsenic materials |
Any reducing agent |
|
Azides |
Acids |
|
Bromine |
Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, other petroleum gases, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene, finely divided metals |
|
Calcium oxide |
Water |
|
Carbon, activated |
Calcium hypochlorite, other oxidants |
|
Chlorates |
Ammonium salts, acids, metal powders, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustibles |
|
Chromic acid and chromium trioxide |
Acetic acid, napthalene, camphor, glycerol, turpentine, alcohol, other flammable liquids |
|
Chlorine |
Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, other petroleum gases, hydrogen, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene, finely divided metals |
|
Chlorine dioxide |
Ammonia, methane, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide |
|
Copper |
Acetylene, hydrogen peroxide |
|
Cumene hydroperoxide |
Acids (organic or inorganic) |
|
Cyanides |
Acids |
|
Flammable liquids |
Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide,nitric acid, sodium peroxide, halogens |
|
Fluorine |
Isolate from everything |
|
Hydrazine |
Hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, any other oxidant |
|
Hydrocarbons (benzene, butane,, propane, gasoline,turpentine, etc. |
Fluorine, chlorine,bromine, chromic acid peroxides |
|
Hydrocyanic acid |
Nitric acid, alkalis |
|
Hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous), Hydrogen fluoride |
Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous) |
|
Hydrogen peroxide |
Copper, chromium, iron, most metals or their salts,any flammable liquid, combustible materials,aniline, nitromethane |
|
Hydrogen sulfide |
Fuming nitric acid, oxidizing gases |
|
Hypochlorites |
Acids, activated carbon |
|
Iodine |
Acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous) |
|
Mercury |
Acetylene, fulminic acida, ammonia |
|
Nitrates |
Acids |
|
Nitric acid (concentrated) |
Acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, aniline, chromic acid,hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide, flammable gases,nitratable substances |
|
Nitrites |
Acids |
|
Nitroparaffins |
Inorganic bases, amines |
|
Oxalic acid |
Silver, mercury and their salts |
|
Oxygen |
Oils, grease, hydrogen, flammable liquids, solids and gases |
|
Perchloric acid |
Acetic anhydride, bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, grease, oil (all organics) |
|
Peroxides, organic |
Acids (organic or mineral), also avoid friction, store cold |
|
Phosphorus (white) |
Air, oxygen, alkalies, reducing agents |
|
Phosphorus pentoxide |
Alcohols, strong bases, water |
|
Potassium |
Carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water |
|
Potassium chlorate |
Acids (see also chlorates) |
|
Potassium perchlorate |
Acids (see also perchloric acid) |
|
Potassium permanganate |
Glycerol, ethylene glycol, benzaldehyde, sulfuric acid |
|
Selenides |
Reducing agents |
|
Silver and silver salts |
Acetylene, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, fulminic acida,ammonium compounds |
|
Sodium |
See - alkali metals |
|
Sodium nitrite |
Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium salts |
|
Sodium peroxide |
Any oxidizable substance, such as ethanol, methanol,glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde,carbon disulfide, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, furfural |
|
Sulfides |
Acids |
|
Sulfuric acid |
Chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates |
from - Hazards in the Chemical Laboratory, 4th edition. 1986. Bretherick
3.16 FIFTEEN REASONS NOT TO STORE CHEMICALS ALPHABETICALLY
|
Chemicals Stored Together |
Possible Reaction |
|
1. Acetic acid & Acetaldehyde |
Small amounts of acetic acid will cause the acetaldehyde to polymerize, thus releasing great quantities of heat. |
|
2. Acetic anhydride & Acetaldehyde |
Reaction can be violently explosive |
|
3. Aluminum metal & ammonium nitrate |
A potential explosive. |
|
4. Aluminum & bromine vapor |
Aluminum foil reacts with bromine vapor at room temperature and incandesces. |
|
5. Ammonia vapor & bromine vapor |
Unstable nitrogen tribromide is formed, explosion may result. |
|
6. Ammonium nitrate & acetic acid |
A mixture may result in ignition, especially if acetic acid is concentrated. |
|
7. Cupric sulfide & cadmium chlorate |
Will explode on contact. |
|
8. Hydrogen peroxide & ferrous sulfide |
Forms a vigorous, highly exothermic reaction. |
|
9. Hydrogen peroxide & lead II or IV oxide |
Violent, possibly explosive reaction. |
|
10. Lead perchlorate & methyl alcohol |
Forms an explosive mixture if agitated. |
|
11. Lead sulfide & hydrogen peroxide |
Vigorous, potentially explosive reaction. |
|
12. Mercury II nitrate & methanol |
May form mercury fulminate - an explosive. |
|
13. Nitric acid & phosphorus |
Phosphorus burns spontaneously in the presence of nitric acid. |
|
14. Potassium cyanide & potassium peroxide |
A potentially explosive mixture if heated. |
|
15. Sodium nitrate & sodium thiosulfate |
A mixture of the dry materials can result in an explosion. |