3.15 INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS (REACTIVE HAZARDS)

Substances in the left hand column should be stored and handled so that they cannot accidentally contact corresponding substances in the right hand column under uncontrolled conditions.


Acetic Acid

Chromic acid, nitric acid, peroxides, permanganates

Acetic Anhydride

Hydroxyl-containing compounds such as ethylene glycol, perchloric acid

Acetone

Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixtures, hydrogen peroxide

Acetylene

Chlorine, bromine, copper, silver, fluorine, mercury

Alkali and alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium,lithium, magnesium, calcium, powdered aluminum

Carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, other polychlorinated hydrocarbons (prohibit the use of water,foam and dry chemical extinguishers on fires involving these metals - dry sand should be utilized)

Ammonium (anhydrous)

Mercury, chlorine, calcium hypochlorite, iodine,bromine, hydrogen fluoride

Ammonium nitrate

Acids, metal powders, flammable liquids, chlorates,nitrates, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustibles

Aniline

Nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide

Arsenic materials

Any reducing agent

Azides

Acids

Bromine

Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, other petroleum gases, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene, finely divided metals

Calcium oxide

Water

Carbon, activated

Calcium hypochlorite, other oxidants

Chlorates

Ammonium salts, acids, metal powders, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustibles

Chromic acid and chromium trioxide

Acetic acid, napthalene, camphor, glycerol, turpentine, alcohol, other flammable liquids

Chlorine

Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, other petroleum gases, hydrogen, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene, finely divided metals

Chlorine dioxide

Ammonia, methane, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide

Copper

Acetylene, hydrogen peroxide

Cumene hydroperoxide

Acids (organic or inorganic)

Cyanides

Acids

Flammable liquids

Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide,nitric acid, sodium peroxide, halogens

Fluorine

Isolate from everything

Hydrazine

Hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, any other oxidant

Hydrocarbons (benzene, butane,, propane, gasoline,turpentine, etc.

Fluorine, chlorine,bromine, chromic acid peroxides

Hydrocyanic acid

Nitric acid, alkalis

Hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous), Hydrogen fluoride

Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous)

Hydrogen peroxide

Copper, chromium, iron, most metals or their salts,any flammable liquid, combustible materials,aniline, nitromethane

Hydrogen sulfide

Fuming nitric acid, oxidizing gases

Hypochlorites

Acids, activated carbon

Iodine

Acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous)

Mercury

Acetylene, fulminic acida, ammonia

Nitrates

Acids

Nitric acid (concentrated)

Acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, aniline, chromic acid,hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide, flammable gases,nitratable substances

Nitrites

Acids

Nitroparaffins

Inorganic bases, amines

Oxalic acid

Silver, mercury and their salts

Oxygen

Oils, grease, hydrogen, flammable liquids, solids and gases

Perchloric acid

Acetic anhydride, bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, grease, oil (all organics)

Peroxides, organic

Acids (organic or mineral), also avoid friction, store cold

Phosphorus (white)

Air, oxygen, alkalies, reducing agents

Phosphorus pentoxide

Alcohols, strong bases, water

Potassium

Carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water

Potassium chlorate

Acids (see also chlorates)

Potassium perchlorate

Acids (see also perchloric acid)

Potassium permanganate

Glycerol, ethylene glycol, benzaldehyde, sulfuric acid

Selenides

Reducing agents

Silver and silver salts

Acetylene, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, fulminic acida,ammonium compounds

Sodium

See - alkali metals

Sodium nitrite

Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium salts

Sodium peroxide

Any oxidizable substance, such as ethanol, methanol,glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde,carbon disulfide, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, furfural

Sulfides

Acids

Sulfuric acid

Chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates

a produced in nitric acid-ethanol mixtures

from - Hazards in the Chemical Laboratory, 4th edition. 1986. Bretherick

 

 

3.16 FIFTEEN REASONS NOT TO STORE CHEMICALS ALPHABETICALLY

Chemicals Stored Together

Possible Reaction

1. Acetic acid & Acetaldehyde

Small amounts of acetic acid will cause the acetaldehyde to polymerize, thus releasing great quantities of heat.

2. Acetic anhydride & Acetaldehyde

Reaction can be violently explosive

3. Aluminum metal & ammonium nitrate

A potential explosive.

4. Aluminum & bromine vapor

Aluminum foil reacts with bromine vapor at room temperature and incandesces.

5. Ammonia vapor & bromine vapor

Unstable nitrogen tribromide is formed, explosion may result.

6. Ammonium nitrate & acetic acid

A mixture may result in ignition, especially if acetic acid is concentrated.

7. Cupric sulfide & cadmium chlorate

Will explode on contact.

8. Hydrogen peroxide & ferrous sulfide

Forms a vigorous, highly exothermic reaction.

9. Hydrogen peroxide & lead II or IV oxide

Violent, possibly explosive reaction.

10. Lead perchlorate & methyl alcohol

Forms an explosive mixture if agitated.

11. Lead sulfide & hydrogen peroxide

Vigorous, potentially explosive reaction.

12. Mercury II nitrate & methanol

May form mercury fulminate - an explosive.

13. Nitric acid & phosphorus

Phosphorus burns spontaneously in the presence of nitric acid.

14. Potassium cyanide & potassium peroxide

A potentially explosive mixture if heated.

15. Sodium nitrate & sodium thiosulfate

A mixture of the dry materials can result in an explosion.

from- the Chemical Safety Office, Risk Management Department, University of Vermont